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K. Swetha ¹, K. Manjula ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, S.v. Agricultural College, Tirupati (A.P.), IN

Abstract

After conducting a roving survey in Chittoor district for the natural occurrence of Nomuraea rileyi, a few fungal infected and died (mummified) cadavers of Spodoptera litura and Bombyx mori were found and collected. With microscopic studies, the fungus was identified as Nomuraea rileyi and Beauveria bassiana. The molecular characterization of 7 isolates of N.rileyi was done by RAPD-PCR for studying the genetic variability/similarity. RAPD banding profile with 12 different random primers viz., 3 primers from OPD, 3 primers from OPY, 2 primers from OPM, 2 primers from OPA, 1 primer from OPC and 1 primer from OPW (Operon technology) showed 88.6 per cent polymorphism as all the bands obtained were polymorphic with size ranging from 100 bp to 3000 bp. Jaccards similarity co-efficients between the N.rileyi isolates showed 97.50 per cent genetic variation between isolates of Tirupati and V.Kota-1. While the isolates V.Kota-2 and Madanapalli were found to be genetically similar as 70.3 per cent similarity was observed between the isolates. In the resulted dendrogram V. Kota-2 and Madanapalli isolates formed one group and V. Kota-2 and Kanumakupalli another group and remaining isolates did not form any group.

Keywords

Nomuraea rileyi, Molecular Characterization, Rapd-pcr, Primers, Polymorphism

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K. Swetha ¹, K. Manjula ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

The virulence of dry formulations of Nomuraea rileyi for different storage conditions was tested against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Talc formulations retained the virulence of N. rileyi for relatively longer period (45 per cent mortality after 3 months storage, 30 per cent after 4 months) than other formulations.

Keywords

Nomuaea rileyi, Spodoptera litura, Dry Formulations, storage.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K., Padmini ¹, J. Srikanth ¹, K. Swetha ¹, P. Vengal Rao ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Shampooing is the most common form of hair treatment. Shampoos are primarily been products aimed at cleansing the hair and scalp. In the present scenario, it seems improbable that herbal shampoo, although better in performance and safer than the synthetic ones, will be popular with the consumers. A more radical approach in popularizing herbal shampoo would be to change the consumers' expectations from a shampoo, with emphasis on safety and efficacy. The present paper emphasizes on composition, types, methods of evaluation, also a brief review on herbal shampoo formulations.

Keywords

Herbal Shampoo, Types, Formulation, Evaluation Methods.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, W. Shinto Authur ¹, M. Lohita ¹, K. Swetha ¹, D. Naresh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Plants have been the beacon of therapeutic sources for curing diseases from times immemorial. We emphasize the role of information derived from various systems of traditional medicine (ethnomedicine) and its utility for drug discovery purposes. Cancer is a dreadful disease characterized by the irregular proliferation of the cells. As a cell progresses from normal to cancerous, the biological imperative to survive and perpetuate drives fundamental changes in cell behaviour. An attempt has been made to review some medicinal plants used for the prevention and treatment of cancer.

Keywords

Anticancer, Medicinal Plants, Herbal Medicine, Cancer Treatment, Curcuma Longa, Azadirachata Indica.

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S. Eswaraiah ¹, K. Swetha ¹, M. Lohita ², P. Jaya Preethi ³, B. Priyanka ⁴, Kiran Kumar Reddy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

A gel is colloid that is typically 99% by weight liquid. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. A major limitation is in the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. To overcome the limitation a novel approach i.e. an emulsion based approach is being used so that even a hydrophobic moiety can enjoy the unique properties of gels. When gel and emulsion are used in combined form the dosage form are referred as emulgel. Emulgels have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual release control system i.e. gel and emulsion. The presence of a gelling agent in the water phase converts a classical emulsion into an emulgel. Emulgels for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable, emollient, non staining, water-soluble, longer shelf life, bio-friendly, transparent and pleasing appearance. The use of emulgel can be extended in analgesics and antifungal drugs.

Keywords

Emulgel, Hydrophobic, Topical Drug Delivery.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K. Padmini ¹, J. Srikanth ¹, M. Lohita ¹, K. Swetha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sri Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are medicines that speed up physical and mental processes. Central nervous system stimulants are used to treat conditions characterized by lack of adrenergic stimulation, including narcolepsy and neonatal apnea. Additionally, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) are used for their paradoxical effect in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The majority of CNS stimulants is chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine and simulates the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal. Caffeine is more closely related to the xanthines, such as theophylline. A small number of additional members of the CNS stimulant class do not fall into specific chemical groups. The review on central nervous system stimulants gives detail study of CNS stimulant drugs, their mechanism of action and in vivo models of CNS stimulants.

Keywords

CNS Stimulant, Actophotometer, Rota Rod, Open Field Test, Elevated Plus Maze.

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G. Kumaraswamy ¹, Gandla Lalitha ², K. Swetha ³, R. Suthakaran ³, G. Ramesh Babu ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada-533003, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Chilkur Balaji College of Pharmacy, Aziz Nagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and QA, Teegala Ram Reddy College of Pharmacy, Meerpet, Hyderabad-500097, Telangana, IN
4 Chaithanya College of Pharmacy, Markapur, Prakasham (Dist), A.P., IN

Abstract

The present work deals with the development of a precise, accurate, simple, specific, reliable and less time consuming RP-HPLC method for the estimation of Pseudoephedrine and Terfinadine tablets .The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Inertsil C18 ODS (4.6×250 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase combination of methanol and water (50:50) v/v at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, and the detection was carried out by using PDA detector at 290 nm. Ambient column temperature has maintained. The total run time was 10mins.The retention time of Pseudoephedrine and Terfinadine were found to be 2.9 min. and 3.5 min. respectively. The performance of the method was validated according to the present ICH guidelines.

Keywords

RP-HPLC Method, Pseudoephedrine and Terfinadine, Tablet Dosage Forms, PDA Detection.

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B. Sankaragomathi ¹, K. Swetha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National Engineering College, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National EngineeringNational Engineering College, IN

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a terrible, transferrable disease instigated by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacillus. A common diagnosis of this infection is the microscopic examination of sputum smears of affected persons. Tuberculosis is a disease with one of the most leading causes of deaths in the world, however, its fatality index could be reduced if it is diagnosed and treated on time. The Ziehl-Neelson stained sputum smear method is most used method for bacilli detection and developing a proper diagnosis by the specialist. Detection of tuberculosis involves different stages such as image preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. This paper summarizes the study of various techniques of mycobacterium bacillus detection from sputum images.

Keywords

Pre-processing, Segmentation, Feature extraction, Classification, Ziehl-Neelson

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